A01
Structural controls of soil hydraulic properties
Dr. Sara Bauke
University of Bonn | +49-228-73 2965 |
Prof. Dr. Wulf Amelung
University of Bonn | +49-228-73 2780 |
Summary
The hydraulic conductivity function of soils is a key property, controlling the partitioning of water into soil infiltration and surface runoff as well as the flow of water within the soil profile. Structure is an important factor for hydraulic conductivity in the wet range of soil moisture. However, this is currently not well implemented into land surface models, which typically produces incorrect representations of hydraulic conductivity at and near saturation, erroneous estimates of water partitioning at the soil surface especially in extreme events and thereby a misrepresentation of soil and surface water fluxes in the global water cycle. In this project we therefore assess the effect of soil structure on soil hydraulic conductivity for different climatic, soil and land use settings across Europe. The results are then incorporated into continental-scale modelling of water and energy cycles.
A02
Estimation of root zone soil moisture from gamma radiation measurements
Prof. Dr. J.A. (Sander) Huisman
Forschungszentrum Jülich | +49-2461-618607 |
Summary
Root-zone soil moisture is an essential variable in land surface models, but there is still a lack of sensing information that adequately represents this zone. The first main hypothesis is that a root-zone soil-moisture product for Europe can be derived from existing gamma radiation data from the European radiological data exchange platform (EURDEP). For this, it is important to understand how infiltration, evaporation, transpiration, and secondary cosmic radiation affect measured gamma radiation. This will be achieved with both laboratory and field experiments and the analysis of available gamma radiation time series. The insights obtained will be used to develop data processing strategies and an observation operator that relates soil moisture to gamma radiation. This operator will be coupled to a hydrological model to validate the performance for soil moisture content estimation and the improved estimation of soil hydraulic parameters.
A03
Parameterization of evapotranspiration partitioning function in land-surface models using water stable isotopes
Prof. Dr. Youri Rothfuss
Forschungszentrum Jülich | +49-2461-96925 |
Prof. Dr. Nicolas Brüggemann
Forschungszentrum Jülich | +49-2461-618643 |
Summary
In project A03, we analyze water component fluxes of the terrestrial water cycle by partitioning evapotranspiration (ET) into its components evaporation (E) and transpiration (T). The method is based on the non-destructive analysis of the temporal dynamics of water stable isotopologues, 1H2H16O and 1H218O, in atmospheric, soil and plant water. These analysis will be carried out in the ecosystems with four specific plant functional types (PFTs) defined in CLM 5.0: managed irrigated crops, C3 grass, temperate climate needleleaf evergreen trees, and Mediterranean managed rain-fed un-irrigated crops. Using the gathered data, the isotope-enabled soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer model SiSPAT-Isotope will be parametrized for field-scale simulations of T/ET for the analyzed PFTs and different climatic conditions. These modeling results will be compared to estimations of E and T using the CLM 5.0 and improve the PFT-specific modeling parametrization.
A04
Precipitation processes
PD. Dr. Silke Trömel
University of Bonn | +49-228-73779 |
Summary
Atmospheric models still do not adequately represent precipitation generating processes and previous studies identify cloud and precipitation processes as one of the largest uncertainties in current weather and climate prediction models. In this project, this incomplete representation of precipitation generating processes is assumed to be at least partly responsible for their inability to reproduce observed regional patterns of drying and wetting. We will quantify these deficiencies by comparing model simulations with reanalyses of terrestrial water storage (TWS) and polarimetric weather radar observations, which carry information on precipitation generating processes. We will focus on Germany -with its only weak TWS trends- and Türkiye -where pronounced negative TWS trends were observed-. Both regions are monitored by modern polarimetric radar networks. With the model simulations provided by other projects, we will explore if deficiencies in modelled precipitation generation explain the differing TWS trends compared to the reanalyses, if land-atmosphere feedbacks are well represented in the model and what is the impact of greenhouse gas forcing and regional anthropogenic interventions on precipitation generation.
A05
Representation of adaptation: the on-farm perspective
Prof. Dr. Silke Hüttel
University of Bonn | +49 551 39-24846 |
Prof. Dr. Michael Leyer
University of Marburg | +49 6421 28-23382 |
Dr. Stefan Seifert
University of Göttingen | +49 551 39-24841 |
Summary
In A05, we aim at an improved representation of how farmers adapt to climate change, altering weather (extremes), production risk and efficiency, and ultimately expectations on farming returns. Yet to date, farms seem reluctant to adapt their farming structure. Based on the real options approach, we hypothesize that this reluctance can be explained by farms’ investment behavior under risk and various sources of inefficiency. We test this hypothesis using observational data. To understand underlying cognitive decision processes under extreme hydrometeorological events, we test the impact of such perceived instances on farm adaptation decisions using an experimental approach.
A06
Processes and determinants of climate-relevant landscape configurations
Prof. Dr. Jan Börner
University of Bonn | +49-228-733548 |
Prof. Dr. Thomas Heckelei
University of Bonn | +49-228-732332 |
Prof. Dr. Silke Hüttel
University of Göttingen | +49 551 39-24851 |
Summary
In this project, we explore land use change and land cover change (LULCC) and seek to understand spatiotemporal landscape dynamics in the study area of the CRC. Our focus lies on identifying historical and contemporary determinants relevant for the composition and configuration of landscape elements that regulate coupled land and atmospheric water and energy cycles. This includes crops, forests/trees, and grasslands. We use modelling and econometric techniques to quantify potential LULCC determinants, such as economic trends, agricultural market dynamics, infrastructure investments and related risks, and policies at various administrative scales.
